Biodiversity and Conservation

Topics in this chapter

• Biodiversity Levels, Estimates and Patterns
• Species–Area Relationship
• Biodiversity Hotspots and Endemism
• Biodiversity Loss and Evil Quartet
• Conservation Strategies and Treaties
• Ecosystem Stability and Species Interactions

Cheat sheet

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-EBE8C9

   Which of the following levels of biodiversity is best exemplified by the genetic variations observed within medicinal plants like Rauwolfia vomitoria growing in different Himalayan ranges?

   1. A.Species diversity
   2. B.Ecological diversity
   3. C.Genetic diversity
   4. D.Alpha diversity
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-1F1C8A

   According to Robert May's global estimates, what is the approximate total number of plant and animal species described so far, and the estimated total species globally?

   1. A.Described: 1.5 million; Estimated: 7 million
   2. B.Described: 3 million; Estimated: 50 million
   3. C.Described: 7 million; Estimated: 20 million
   4. D.Described: 0.5 million; Estimated: 1.5 million
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-534722

   In the species-area relationship equation log S = log C + Z log A, what does the slope of the line (Z) typically represent when considered across large areas like entire continents?

   1. A.0.1 to 0.2
   2. B.0.6 to 1.2
   3. C.2.0 to 5.0
   4. D.0.01 to 0.05
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-0994AE

   Which group of organisms comprises the maximum number of species globally among vertebrates?

   1. A.Birds
   2. B.Mammals
   3. C.Fishes
   4. D.Reptiles
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-361913

   The 'Evil Quartet' is a term used to describe the four major causes of biodiversity loss. Which of the following is NOT part of the Evil Quartet?

   1. A.Habitat loss and fragmentation
   2. B.Over-exploitation
   3. C.Nutrient enrichment through organic farming
   4. D.Co-extinctions
   See the answer and solution