Neuroanatomy

Topics in this chapter

• Brainstem Anatomy and Syndromes
• Cerebellum and Peduncles
• Somatosensory Pathways and Tracts
• Visual Pathway Anatomy
• Diencephalon, Pituitary, and Limbic System
• CSF and Ventricular System
• Neurovascular Pathology and Stroke

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-9CD064

   A 52-year-old man presents with left-sided homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing. An ischemic stroke is diagnosed. The arterial occlusion most likely involves which of the following vessels?

   1. A.Left middle cerebral artery
   2. B.Right posterior cerebral artery
   3. C.Left posterior cerebral artery
   4. D.Right middle cerebral artery
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-4B6618

   During a neurological examination, a patient is asked to look to the far left. The left eye abducts normally, but the right eye fails to adduct, accompanied by horizontal nystagmus of the abducting left eye. Where is the most precise site of the lesion?

   1. A.Right abducens nucleus
   2. B.Left medial longitudinal fasciculus
   3. C.Right medial longitudinal fasciculus
   4. D.Left oculomotor nerve
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-B70652

   A patient presents with contralateral loss of pain and temperature sensation over the body, along with ipsilateral Horner syndrome and ipsilateral ataxia. An infarct in the territory of which artery is most likely?

   1. A.Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
   2. B.Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
   3. C.Superior cerebellar artery
   4. D.Paramedian branches of the basilar artery
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-6B89E4

   Which of the following thalamic nuclei relays conscious proprioception and vibration sense from the medial lemniscus and spinothalamic tracts to the primary somatosensory cortex?

   1. A.Ventral posterolateral nucleus (VPL)
   2. B.Ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM)
   3. C.Ventral lateral nucleus (VL)
   4. D.Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-BD9DE4

   A patient with a pituitary macroadenoma typically presents with bitemporal hemianopia. The anatomical structures directly compressed to produce this visual field defect are the:

   1. A.Optic tracts
   2. B.Optic chiasm
   3. C.Optic nerves
   4. D.Meyer's loop
   See the answer and solution