Abdominal & Neuro Imaging

Topics in this chapter

• Neuroimaging Modalities and Anatomy
• Stroke, Hemorrhage and Vascular Emergencies
• Intracranial Tumors and Hydrocephalus
• Dementia Imaging
• Pediatric Abdominal and Neuroimaging
• Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Imaging
• Liver and Pancreatic Disease Imaging

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-C56274

   A 45-year-old chronic alcoholic male presents with acute severe epigastric pain radiating to the back. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the abdomen performed on day 3 of illness reveals a well-defined collection in the lesser sac with a thick, enhancing wall, located adjacent to the body and tail of the pancreas. There is no internal solid component. What is the most accurate imaging diagnosis for this lesion?

   1. A.Acute necrotic collection
   2. B.Pancreatic pseudocyst
   3. C.Walled-off necrosis (WON)
   4. D.Serous cystadenoma
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-DE23CF

   A 60-year-old male with a history of cirrhosis presents with hematemesis. Doppler ultrasound of the abdomen reveals hepatofugal flow in the portal vein, splenomegaly, and a dilated tortuous vessel running along the lesser curvature of the stomach. Which of the following collateral pathways is primarily responsible for the vessel seen along the lesser curvature?

   1. A.Left gastric vein (coronary vein) to esophageal veins
   2. B.Inferior mesenteric vein to rectal veins
   3. C.Paraumbilical veins to subcutaneous abdominal veins
   4. D.Splenic vein to short gastric veins
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-AEEB52

   A 3-week-old male infant presents with non-bilious projectile vomiting after feeds. On ultrasound of the abdomen, the pyloric muscle thickness is measured at 4.5 mm and the pyloric channel length is 18 mm. What is the most specific ultrasound criterion for the diagnosis of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS)?

   1. A.Pyloric muscle thickness > 3 mm
   2. B.Stomach length > 5 cm
   3. C.Gastric emptying time < 30 minutes
   4. D.Duodenal cap dilatation
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-3A1047

   A 52-year-old female undergoes an abdominal ultrasound for routine health checkup, which incidentally reveals a 2.5 cm well-circumscribed hyperechoic liver lesion. On contrast-enhanced CT, the lesion shows peripheral globular enhancement in the arterial phase with progressive centripetal filling and complete isoattenuation to the liver parenchyma on delayed venous phase scans. What is the diagnosis?

   1. A.Hepatic adenoma
   2. B.Hepatic hemangioma
   3. C.Hepatocellular carcinoma
   4. D.Hypervascular liver metastasis
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-328FB2

   A 35-year-old female presents with acute onset of severe headache followed by generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Non-contrast CT of the brain shows a hyperdense triangle sign along the superior sagittal sinus. Magnetic resonance venography (MRV) confirms absence of flow within the superior sagittal sinus. Which condition does this finding pathognomonically indicate?

   1. A.Subarachnoid hemorrhage
   2. B.Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
   3. C.Sagittal meningioma
   4. D.Arteriovenous malformation
   See the answer and solution