Units and Measurements · NEET Preparation Physics

If energy (E), velocity (v), and time (T) are chosen as the fundamental physical quantities, the dimensional formula for surface tension will be:

Practice question from Units and Measurements (NEET Preparation Physics), with the correct answer and a step-by-step solution.

hard · MCQ · Q-393ED9

If energy (EE), velocity (vv), and time (TT) are chosen as the fundamental physical quantities, the dimensional formula for surface tension will be:

  1. A.[Ev−2T−2][E v^{-2} T^{-2}]Correct answer
  2. B.[Ev−1T−2][E v^{-1} T^{-2}]
  3. C.[Ev−2T−1][E v^{-2} T^{-1}]
  4. D.[E2v−1T−2][E^2 v^{-1} T^{-2}]

Solution

Let surface tension S∝EavbTcS \propto E^a v^b T^c. Dimensions of surface tension are [MT−2][MT^{-2}], energy is [ML2T−2][ML^2T^{-2}], velocity is [LT−1][LT^{-1}], and time is [T][T]. Therefore, [MT−2]=[ML2T−2]a[LT−1]b[T]c=[MaL2a+bT−2a−b+c][MT^{-2}] = [ML^2T^{-2}]^a [LT^{-1}]^b [T]^c = [M^a L^{2a+b} T^{-2a-b+c}]. Equating powers: a=1a=1, 2a+b=0⇒b=−22a+b=0 \Rightarrow b=-2, −2a−b+c=−2⇒−2−(−2)+c=−2⇒c=−2-2a-b+c=-2 \Rightarrow -2 -(-2) + c = -2 \Rightarrow c=-2. Thus, S∝Ev−2T−2S \propto E v^{-2} T^{-2}.

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