Excretory Products and their Elimination

Topics in this chapter

• Animal Excretion And Nitrogenous Wastes
• Nephron Structure And Urine Formation
• Counter-Current Mechanism And Urine Concentration
• Renal Regulation And Hormonal Control
• Urinary System And Micturition
• Urinary Disorders And Dialysis

Cheat sheet

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-E8B31A

   Which of the following animals excrete their nitrogenous wastes mainly in the form of uric acid?

   1. A.Aquatic amphibians, bony fishes and marine molluscs
   2. B.Birds, land snails and reptiles
   3. C.Mammals, many terrestrial amphibians and marine fishes
   4. D.Aquatic insects, freshwater fishes and poriferans
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-50EC47

   Match the excretory structures in Column I with the respective organisms in Column II:

   Column I

   1. Protonephridia
   2. Malpighian tubules
   3. Green glands

   Column II a. Prawn b. Cockroach c. Planaria

   Select the correct combination:

   1. A.1-c, 2-b, 3-a
   2. B.1-a, 2-c, 3-b
   3. C.1-b, 2-a, 3-c
   4. D.1-c, 2-a, 3-b
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-8FA7F0

   Which part of the human nephron is primarily responsible for the reabsorption of nearly all the essential nutrients and 70-80% of electrolytes and water?

   1. A.Descending limb of loop of Henle
   2. B.Distal convoluted tubule
   3. C.Proximal convoluted tubule
   4. D.Collecting duct
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-A37415

   A fall in glomerular blood flow/glomerular blood pressure/GFR can activate the JG cells to release:

   1. A.Atrial natriuretic factor
   2. B.Renin
   3. C.Aldosterone
   4. D.Vasopressin
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-568F04

   Which of the following statements is correct regarding the human excretory system?

   1. A.Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water but allows transport of electrolytes actively or passively.
   2. B.Descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes but impermeable to water.
   3. C.The distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing bicarbonate ions.
   4. D.The thin segment of descending limb is permeable to urea.
   See the answer and solution