Body Fluids and Circulation

Topics in this chapter

• Blood Composition and Formed Elements
• Lymph and Lymphatic Circulation
• Heart Structure and Cardiac Cycle
• Cardiac Conduction and ECG
• Circulatory Pathways and Vascular Systems
• Blood Groups and Rh Incompatibility
• Circulatory Disorders and Blood Pressure

Cheat sheet

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-D32C48

   Which of the following granulocytes is the most abundant and acts as the primary phagocytic cell during acute inflammation?

   1. A.Eosinophil
   2. B.Basophil
   3. C.Neutrophil
   4. D.Lymphocyte
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-E9B422

   A patient with blood group 'AB' can receive blood from donors of any group because:

   1. A.Plasma lacks both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
   2. B.Red blood cells lack both A and B antigens
   3. C.Plasma contains both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
   4. D.Red blood cells possess both anti-A and anti-B antibodies
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-454CFC

   During joint diastole of the cardiac cycle, which of the following events does NOT occur?

   1. A.All four chambers of the heart are in a relaxed state
   2. B.Bicuspid and tricuspid valves remain open
   3. C.Semilunar valves remain open
   4. D.Blood flows passively from vena cava and pulmonary veins into the ventricles
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-A2377D

   The pacemaker of the human heart is specifically responsible for initiating:

   1. A.Action potentials that determine the heart rate
   2. B.Closure of the semilunar valves
   3. C.The second heart sound
   4. D.Reversal of blood flow into the atria
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-1D5AA1

   Match the heart sounds with the mechanical events that cause them:

   1. A.First sound (lubb) due to closure of semilunar valves; second sound (dub) due to closure of AV valves
   2. B.First sound (lubb) due to closure of AV valves; second sound (dub) due to closure of semilunar valves
   3. C.First sound (lubb) due to opening of AV valves; second sound (dub) due to opening of semilunar valves
   4. D.First sound (lubb) due to atrial contraction; second sound (dub) due to ventricular contraction
   See the answer and solution