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Cheat sheet · Class 11 · CBSE · Science Biology

Body Fluids and Circulation cheat sheet

The whole chapter on one page: key formulas, facts and the points to remember, for quick revision before a test.

CBSE Class 11 · Biology

Cheat sheet

Chapter 15Body Fluids and Circulation

Heartbeat path: SA node → AV node → bundle of His → Purkinje fibres.

1. Blood

  • Plasma 55% (fibrinogen, globulins, albumin).
  • RBC (no nucleus, 120 days), WBC (neutrophils most), platelets (clotting).
  • ABO groups; Rh factor — erythroblastosis foetalis.
GroupAntigenAntibody
AAanti-B
BBanti-A
AB (universal recipient)A, Bnone
O (universal donor)noneanti-A, anti-B

2. Heart

  • Human heart: 4 chambers, double circulation.
  • SA node: pacemaker (70–75 beats/min).
  • Cardiac cycle 0.8 s; stroke volume ~70 mL.
  • Cardiac output = stroke volume × heart rate ≈ 5 L/min.

3. ECG

WaveShows
Patrial depolarisation
QRSventricular depolarisation
Tventricular repolarisation

4. Disorders

  • Hypertension: ≥ 140/90 mm Hg.
  • Coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis).
  • Angina; heart failure.

5. Key Points

  • Lymph: no RBC.
  • Hepatic portal vein: intestine → liver.
  • Lub = AV valves close; dub = semilunar valves close.
  • Clotting: thrombin converts fibrinogen to fibrin.

Remember: Blood groups | conduction system | ECG waves

Body Fluids and Circulation: questions and notes

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