Cheat sheet · Class 11 · CBSE · Science Biology
Anatomy of Flowering Plants cheat sheet
The whole chapter on one page: key formulas, facts and the points to remember, for quick revision before a test.
CBSE Class 11 · Biology
Cheat sheet
Chapter 6Anatomy of Flowering Plants
Meristems make; permanent tissues stay.
1. Tissues
- Meristems: apical, intercalary (grasses), lateral (cambium).
- Simple permanent: parenchyma, collenchyma (living, thick corners), sclerenchyma (dead, lignified).
- Complex: xylem (tracheids, vessels, fibres, parenchyma), phloem (sieve tubes, companion cells, fibres, parenchyma).
2. Tissue Systems
- Epidermal (stomata, trichomes, root hairs).
- Ground (cortex, pericycle, pith).
- Vascular (xylem + phloem).
3. Dicot vs Monocot
| Feature | Dicot | Monocot |
|---|---|---|
| Stem bundles | in a ring, open (cambium) | scattered, closed |
| Root bundles | 2–4 xylem bundles | more than 6 (polyarch) |
| Leaf | dorsiventral, palisade + spongy | isobilateral |
| Guard cells | bean-shaped | dumb-bell shaped (grasses) |
4. Secondary Growth
- Vascular cambium makes secondary xylem (in) and phloem (out).
- Annual rings: spring wood (light) + autumn wood (dark).
- Heartwood (dark, non-conducting) vs sapwood.
- Cork cambium (phellogen) → periderm; lenticels for gas exchange.
5. Key Points
- Exarch xylem in roots; endarch in stems.
- Casparian strips in endodermis (suberin).
- Bulliform cells roll grass leaves.
- Bark = all tissues outside vascular cambium.
Remember: Tissues | dicot vs monocot | secondary growth
Anatomy of Flowering Plants: questions and notes
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