Histology

Topics in this chapter

• Epithelial Tissues and Organ Linings
• Connective and Skeletal Tissues
• Blood Vessel Histology
• Muscle Tissue and Cardiac Specializations
• Nervous Tissue and Brain Histology
• Lymphoid Organs and Immune Tissues
• Kidney and Renal Tubule Histology
• Embryology and Tissue Development

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-A7E264

   A 45-year-old man undergoes a diagnostic kidney biopsy. Light microscopy of the renal cortex reveals simple cuboidal epithelium lining the tubules with prominent apical brush borders and basal striations corresponding to numerous mitochondria. Which segment of the renal tubule is primarily being described?

   1. A.Proximal convoluted tubule
   2. B.Thin limb of loop of Henle
   3. C.Distal convoluted tubule
   4. D.Collecting duct
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-2531BB

   During a routine histology lab, a medical student is examining a slide of the trachea. Which type of epithelium primarily lines the mucosa of the trachea and upper respiratory tract?

   1. A.Simple squamous epithelium
   2. B.Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells
   3. C.Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
   4. D.Transitional epithelium
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-FC03E4

   In a bone histology slide, concentric lamellae of bone matrix are arranged around a central neurovascular canal. What is the anatomical term for this entire structural unit?

   1. A.Trabecula
   2. B.Osteon (Haversian system)
   3. C.Volkmann canal
   4. D.Interstitial lamellae
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-29A54E

   A researcher is studying the ultra-structure of cardiac muscle in comparison to skeletal muscle. Which specialized junctional complex is uniquely found exclusively at the Z-lines of cardiac muscle intercalated discs, providing strong mechanical attachment between adjacent cells?

   1. A.Fascia adherens
   2. B.Tight junction (Zonula occludens)
   3. C.Gap junction (Nexus)
   4. D.Hemidesmosome
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-8ED3DA

   While examining a section of the small intestine under the microscope, a student notes numerous crypts of Lieberkühn. Which specialized exocrine cell located at the base of these crypts secretes lysozyme, defensins, and antimicrobial peptides?

   1. A.Goblet cell
   2. B.Paneth cell
   3. C.Enteroendocrine cell
   4. D.M cell (Microfold cell)
   See the answer and solution