Larynx

Topics in this chapter

• Laryngeal Anatomy and Cartilages
• Laryngeal Muscles and Nerve Supply
• Laryngeal Nerve Injuries and Vocal Palsy
• Lymphatic Drainage and Neck Nodes
• Laryngeal Carcinoma and Staging
• Benign Lesions and Vocal Nodules
• Pediatric Laryngeal Foreign Bodies

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-421B73

   A 45-year-old male presents with hoarseness of voice for 3 months. Indirect laryngoscopy reveals a left vocal cord palsy with the left vocal cord fixed in the paramedian position. Which of the following nerves is primarily responsible for the position of this paralyzed vocal cord?

   1. A.Internal laryngeal nerve
   2. B.External laryngeal nerve
   3. C.Recurrent laryngeal nerve
   4. D.Glossopharyngeal nerve
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-7783C1

   A 2-year-child is brought to the emergency department with sudden onset inspiratory stridor, barking cough, and hoarseness following an episode of choking while playing with small plastic toys. The most common site for a foreign body lodged in the larynx of children is:

   1. A.Ventricle of Morgagni
   2. B.Subglottis
   3. C.Glottis
   4. D.Vallecula
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-54B9BA

   Which of the following intrinsic laryngeal muscles is the sole abductor of the vocal cords?

   1. A.Thyroarytenoid
   2. B.Posterior cricoarytenoid
   3. C.Lateral cricoarytenoid
   4. D.Transverse arytenoid
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-B674C2

   A 60-year-old chronic smoker presents with persistent hoarseness and a $1.5\text{ cm}$ mass limited to the middle third of the right true vocal cord with normal cord mobility. According to the TNM staging system for laryngeal cancer, this lesion is classified as:

   1. A.T1a
   2. B.T1b
   3. C.T2
   4. D.T3
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-B11CC5

   During a thyroidectomy, a surgeon accidentally injures the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve on one side. Which of the following clinical features is most likely to develop in this patient?

   1. A.Complete aphonia with bilateral cord paralysis
   2. B.Inability to produce high-pitched sounds and voice fatigue
   3. C.Severe inspiratory stridor requiring immediate tracheostomy
   4. D.Aspiration of liquids due to anesthesia of the supraglottis
   See the answer and solution