Chest & Cardiovascular Imaging

Topics in this chapter

• Chest Radiography and Cardiac Signs
• Thoracic CT and HRCT
• Pulmonary Nodules and Lung Cancer
• Mediastinal Masses and Cysts
• Pulmonary Embolism and CTPA
• Aortic and Vascular Imaging
• Cardiac and Congenital Imaging
• Thoracic Emergencies

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-4CEECF

   A 35-year-old male presents with acute onset chest pain and dyspnea. A chest radiograph demonstrates a deep sulcus sign on the right side, along with hyperlucency and absent bronchovascular markings in the periphery. What is the most appropriate initial management if he is hemodynamically unstable?

   1. A.Immediate needle decompression followed by tube thoracostomy
   2. B.High-flow oxygen and observation for 24 hours
   3. C.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the thorax
   4. D.Emergency diagnostic bronchoscopy
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-A0C50E

   A 55-year-old chronic smoker presents with a 4 cm centrally located mass in the right upper lobe. On chest computed tomography, the mass demonstrates encasement of the right main pulmonary artery and invasion of the superior vena cava. Which TNM T-descriptor best classifies this tumor based on vascular invasion?

   1. A.T2
   2. B.T3
   3. C.T4
   4. D.T1c
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-74A00F

   A 60-year-old man undergoes a routine chest radiograph which reveals a well-defined, smooth, lobulated 3 cm mass in the right cardiophrenic angle. On computed tomography, the lesion has fluid attenuation and does not enhance following contrast administration. What is the most likely diagnosis?

   1. A.Thymoma
   2. B.Pericardial cyst
   3. C.Bronchogenic cyst
   4. D.Teratoma
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-D384F8

   A 25-year-old female presents with progressive shortness of breath and facial puffiness. Chest radiography shows a widened superior mediastinum. Contrast-enhanced CT reveals a large anterior mediastinal mass containing macroscopic fat, calcifications resembling a tooth, and soft tissue components. What is the most probable diagnosis?

   1. A.Thymic carcinoma
   2. B.Mature cystic teratoma
   3. C.Lymphoma
   4. D.Thyroid goiter
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-2783F1

   A 65-year-old male with a history of long-standing systemic hypertension presents with sudden onset tearing chest pain radiating to the back. A contrast-enhanced CT angiogram of the aorta demonstrates an intimal flap extending from the ascending aorta distal to the subclavian artery down to the abdominal aorta. According to the Stanford classification, what type of aortic dissection is this?

   1. A.Stanford Type A
   2. B.Stanford Type B
   3. C.Stanford Type III
   4. D.DeBakey Type IIIb
   See the answer and solution