Lens & Cataract

Topics in this chapter

• Cataract Types and Morphology
• Congenital and Pediatric Cataracts
• Metabolic and Traumatic Cataracts
• Hypermature Cataracts and Glaucoma
• Cataract Surgery and Phacoemulsification
• Postoperative Cataract Complications
• Posterior Capsular Opacification Treatment
• Medical Cataract Management

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-139B37

   A 65-year-old male presents with complaints of gradually progressive painless diminution of vision in both eyes, worse in bright sunlight. On slit-lamp examination, there is yellow-brown coloration of the central lens nucleus with preservation of clear peripheral cortex, and a myopic shift in his refraction. What is the most likely diagnosis?

   1. A.Cortical cataract
   2. B.Nuclear sclerosis
   3. C.Posterior subcapsular cataract
   4. D.Anterior polar cataract
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-F8FAFA

   A 55-year-old chronic steroid user complains of glare, difficulty reading in bright light, and rapid deterioration of near vision over the past few months. Slit-lamp examination reveals a plaque-like opacity just in front of the posterior capsule in the visual axis. What type of cataract is this?

   1. A.Nuclear sclerotic cataract
   2. B.Cortical cataract
   3. C.Posterior subcapsular cataract
   4. D.Lamellar cataract
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-1FDBE1

   During the maturation of a senile cortical cataract, the lens absorbs water, swells, and pushes the iris forward, leading to a shallow anterior chamber and potential angle-closure glaucoma. What stage of senile cataract does this represent?

   1. A.Incipient cataract
   2. B.Immature (Tumescent) stage
   3. C.Mature cataract
   4. D.Hypermature (Morgagnian) stage
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-47282A

   A 70-year-old patient with a long-standing untreated cataract presents with a visibly shrunken lens, wrinkling of the anterior capsule, and downward sinking of the yellowish nucleus within a liquefied milky cortex. What is this hypermature cataract called?

   1. A.Morgagnian cataract
   2. B.Tumescent cataract
   3. C.Rosette cataract
   4. D.Complicated cataract
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-76CD7F

   Which of the following is the most common cause of congenital cataract?

   1. A.Galactosemia
   2. B.Rubella infection
   3. C.Idiopathic / Hereditary (Autosomal dominant)
   4. D.Down syndrome
   See the answer and solution