Chemical Coordination and Integration

Topics in this chapter

• Endocrine Glands and Hormone Sources
• Hypothalamus and Pituitary Control
• Hormone Signalling and Feedback
• Adrenal, Thyroid, and Stress Regulation
• Homeostatic and Metabolic Hormones
• Reproductive Hormone Cycles

Cheat sheet

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-9DB346

   Which of the following hormone-source pairs is correctly matched?

   1. A.Adrenal cortex — Adrenaline
   2. B.Pancreatic alpha cells — Glucagon
   3. C.Posterior pituitary — Growth hormone
   4. D.Thyroid parafollicular cells — Thyroxine
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-97B7A5

   Which statement best describes the action of a steroid hormone on its target cell?

   1. A.It binds to a receptor on the plasma membrane and directly opens sodium channels.
   2. B.It diffuses through the plasma membrane and binds to an intracellular receptor, influencing gene expression.
   3. C.It is stored in synaptic vesicles and released into the synaptic cleft.
   4. D.It acts only by activating adenylate cyclase on the outer surface of the cell.
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-7EAE04

   In a person with inadequate iodine intake, which endocrine change is most likely to occur because of reduced thyroxine synthesis?

   1. A.Decreased thyrotropin-releasing hormone and decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone
   2. B.Increased thyrotropin-releasing hormone and increased thyroid-stimulating hormone
   3. C.Increased thyroxine secretion due to positive feedback
   4. D.Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone with no change in thyrotropin-releasing hormone
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-24D64F

   During prolonged fasting, which combination of hormonal changes and metabolic effects is expected?

   1. A.Increased insulin, decreased glucagon, and enhanced glycogen synthesis
   2. B.Decreased insulin, increased glucagon, and enhanced hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
   3. C.Increased insulin, increased glucagon, and reduced release of glucose by the liver
   4. D.Decreased insulin, decreased glucagon, and increased glucose uptake by all body cells
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-0AC380

   Which physiological event is primarily stimulated by oxytocin?

   1. A.Synthesis of milk by mammary glands
   2. B.Ejection of milk from mammary glands
   3. C.Increase in blood calcium concentration
   4. D.Reabsorption of water by kidney tubules
   See the answer and solution