Cheat sheet · Class 12 · CBSE · Science Chemistry
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers cheat sheet
The whole chapter on one page: key formulas, facts and the points to remember, for quick revision before a test.
CBSE Class 12 · Chemistry
Cheat sheet
Chapter 7Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
Lucas test: 3° turbid at once, 2° in 5 min, 1° no turbidity at room temperature.
1. Alcohols
- Prepared from alkenes (hydration, hydroboration), carbonyls (reduction), Grignard reagents.
- Oxidation: 1° → aldehyde → acid; 2° → ketone; 3° resist.
- Dehydration with conc. H₂SO₄ gives alkenes.
2. Phenols
- More acidic than alcohols (phenoxide resonance).
- –NO₂ raises acidity; –CH₃ lowers it.
- Reactions: bromination (2,4,6-tribromophenol), nitration, Kolbe (salicylic acid), Reimer–Tiemann (salicylaldehyde).
3. Ethers
- Williamson synthesis: RONa + R′X (1° halide).
- Cleavage by HI.
- Anisole: o/p electrophilic substitution.
4. Key Points
- Alcohols have high b.p. (H-bonding).
- FeCl₃ test: violet colour with phenol.
- Methanol is poisonous.
- Denatured alcohol is unfit to drink.
Remember: Oxidation of 1°/2°/3° | phenol acidity | Williamson
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