Indian Economic Development: Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence · Class 12 · CBSE · Commerce Economics

Why did Indian agriculture remain stagnant on the eve of independence?

Practice question from Indian Economic Development: Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence (Class 12 · CBSE · Commerce Economics), with the correct answer and a step-by-step solution.

medium · Subjective · Q-AFEC28

Why did Indian agriculture remain stagnant on the eve of independence?

Answer: Indian agriculture remained stagnant because colonial land-revenue systems placed a heavy burden on cultivators and discouraged long-term investment. Irrigation, improved seeds, fertilisers and modern technology were inadequate, while farmers often depended on exploitative moneylenders and faced low productivity.

Solution

Colonial revenue arrangements extracted substantial surplus from agriculture without encouraging development. Low investment, inadequate irrigation and technology, and dependence on moneylenders kept agricultural productivity and rural incomes low.

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