Immunopathology · NEET PG Preparation Pathology
A 25-year-old man undergoes an uneventful kidney transplantation from an HLA-matched sibling. Within minutes of releasing the vascular clamps, the ki…
Practice question from Immunopathology (NEET PG Preparation Pathology), with the correct answer and a step-by-step solution.
medium · MCQ · Q-CAFD5A
A 25-year-old man undergoes an uneventful kidney transplantation from an HLA-matched sibling. Within minutes of releasing the vascular clamps, the kidney becomes cyanotic, mottled, and flaccid, and urine output ceases. Histological examination of the rejected graft would most likely demonstrate:
- A.Acute cellular rejection with dense interstitial lymphocytic infiltration
- B.Hyperacute rejection with thrombotic occlusion of glomerular capillaries and fibrinoid necrosisCorrect answer
- C.Chronic rejection with smooth muscle proliferation and arterial intimal thickening
- D.Graft-versus-host disease with lymphocytic apoptosis in crypts
Solution
Hyperacute rejection occurs within minutes to hours of transplantation due to preformed anti-donor antibodies (e.g., anti-ABO or anti-HLA) present in the recipient's circulation. It is characterized histologically by widespread thrombosis of microvessels, ischemic necrosis, and neutrophil accumulation.
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