Paediatric Cardiology & Nephrology · NEET PG Preparation Paediatrics
A newborn infant presents with severe cyanosis and respiratory distress shortly after birth, which does not improve significantly with administration…
Practice question from Paediatric Cardiology & Nephrology (NEET PG Preparation Paediatrics), with the correct answer and a step-by-step solution.
medium · MCQ · Q-2E1DA3
A newborn infant presents with severe cyanosis and respiratory distress shortly after birth, which does not improve significantly with administration of 100% oxygen. Physical examination reveals a single second heart sound and no significant murmurs. Chest radiograph shows a narrow mediastinum giving an 'egg on a string' appearance. What is the definitive diagnosis?
- A.Tetralogy of Fallot
- B.Transposition of the great arteriesCorrect answer
- C.Tricuspid atresia
- D.Truncus arteriosus
Solution
Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease presenting in the neonatal period. It features severe cyanosis unresponsive to oxygen, a single S2, and the classic 'egg on a string' (narrow superior mediastinum) appearance on chest X-ray due to the anterior-posterior alignment of the great vessels and thymic hypoplasia.
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