Cardiovascular & Respiratory Pathology · NEET PG Preparation Pathology
A 65-year-old smoker presents with chronic cough, dyspnea, and barrel-shaped chest. Histological examination of his lung parenchyma reveals diffuse e…
Practice question from Cardiovascular & Respiratory Pathology (NEET PG Preparation Pathology), with the correct answer and a step-by-step solution.
easy · MCQ · Q-99B6EE
A 65-year-old smoker presents with chronic cough, dyspnea, and barrel-shaped chest. Histological examination of his lung parenchyma reveals diffuse enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles accompanied by destruction of alveolar walls without significant fibrosis. Which protease-antiprotease imbalance mechanism is primarily responsible for this pattern of emphysema?
- A.Excess elastase activity due to macrophage and neutrophil recruitmentCorrect answer
- B.Deficiency of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
- C.Excess angiotensin-converting enzyme activity
- D.Hyperactivation of bronchial mucosal goblet cell secretion
Solution
Centrilobular emphysema is strongly linked to smoking, which causes accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages in alveoli. These cells release neutrophil elastase and other proteases that degrade elastin, unopposed by sufficient antiproteases like alpha-1 antitrypsin.
More from Cardiovascular & Respiratory Pathology
- A 55-year-old male with a history of anterior wall myocardial infarction 3 days ago develops sudden, severe chest pain, profound hypotensio…
- A 28-year-old pregnant woman in her third trimester presents with acute onset shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain. She undergoes a…
- A 45-year-old male with a history of untreated streptococcal pharyngitis several weeks ago presents with migratory polyarthritis, subcutane…
- A 60-year-old chronic smoker presents with a centrally located right lung mass. Biopsy reveals nests of malignant epithelial cells showing…
Practise more Pathology
Sign up free for adaptive practice on this chapter, with instant feedback and hints on every question.
Start practising freeFree to start · No credit card needed