Endocrine Drugs & Autacoids

Topics in this chapter

• Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones
• Thyroid Drug Therapy
• Antidiabetic Drug Therapy
• Corticosteroids and Adrenal Drugs
• Autacoids and Inflammatory Mediators
• Adrenergic Sympathomimetic Drugs
• Endocrine Oncology Pharmacology
• Endocrine Drug Safety and Pregnancy

Practice questions

1. Question 1Q-F244DE

   A 34-year-old female presents with symptoms of weight gain, fatigue, cold intolerance, and constipation. Laboratory investigations reveal primary hypothyroidism. She is prescribed levothyroxine. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of this drug?

   1. A.Inhibition of thyroid peroxidase
   2. B.Stimulation of nuclear receptors to alter gene transcription and protein synthesis
   3. C.Blockade of peripheral conversion of T4 to T3
   4. D.Direct activation of G-protein coupled thyrotropin receptors
   See the answer and solution
2. Question 2Q-DCBB89

   A 45-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus is started on a medication that acts by increasing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, delaying gastric emptying, and decreasing glucagon secretion via GLP-1 receptor agonism. Which of the following agents belongs to this class?

   1. A.Sitagliptin
   2. B.Empagliflozin
   3. C.Liraglutide
   4. D.Pioglitazone
   See the answer and solution
3. Question 3Q-F136CC

   A 55-year-old male with severe chronic asthma requires long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following adverse metabolic effects is most characteristically associated with chronic glucocorticoid excess?

   1. A.Hypoglycemia and increased peripheral insulin sensitivity
   2. B.Central fat redistribution, muscle wasting, and hyperglycemia
   3. C.Hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis
   4. D.Weight loss and hyperpigmentation
   See the answer and solution
4. Question 4Q-E61E64

   Which of the following oral antidiabetic drugs carries a black box warning for causing or worsening congestive heart failure and is contraindicated in NYHA Class III and IV heart failure?

   1. A.Metformin
   2. B.Glimepiride
   3. C.Pioglitazone
   4. D.Acarbose
   See the answer and solution
5. Question 5Q-783B0F

   A 28-year-old pregnant woman in her first trimester is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism due to Graves' disease. Which of the following antithyroid medications is preferred during this specific gestational period to minimize teratogenic risks associated with other agents?

   1. A.Methimazole
   2. B.Propylthiouracil
   3. C.Radioactive iodine (I-131)
   4. D.Potassium iodide
   See the answer and solution