Cheat sheet · NEET Preparation Botany
Cell Cycle and Cell Division cheat sheet
The whole chapter on one page: key formulas, facts and the points to remember, for quick revision before a test.
NEET · Botany
Cheat sheet
Class 11 · Chapter 10Cell Cycle and Cell Division
Mitosis phases: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase — “PMAT”.
1. Cell Cycle
- Interphase (~95%): G₁ → S (DNA doubles) → G₂.
- M phase: karyokinesis + cytokinesis.
- G₀: quiescent stage (no division).
2. Mitosis vs Meiosis
| Feature | Mitosis | Meiosis |
|---|---|---|
| Divisions | 1 | 2 |
| Daughter cells | 2, diploid, identical | 4, haploid, varied |
| Crossing over | no | yes (pachytene) |
| Where | somatic cells | reproductive cells |
3. Prophase I Substages
| Stage | Event |
|---|---|
| Leptotene | chromosomes become visible |
| Zygotene | synapsis, synaptonemal complex |
| Pachytene | crossing over (recombinase) |
| Diplotene | chiasmata visible |
| Diakinesis | terminalisation, nuclear envelope breaks |
4. Significance
- Mitosis: growth, repair, keeps chromosome number.
- Meiosis: halves chromosome number, creates variation.
5. Key Points
- Metaphase is best for studying chromosomes.
- Cell plate forms in plant cytokinesis.
- Centromeres split in anaphase (anaphase II in meiosis).
- Interkinesis has no DNA replication.
Remember: G₁ S G₂ M | PMAT | 5 substages of prophase I
Cell Cycle and Cell Division: questions and notes
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