Cheat sheet · NEET Preparation Botany
Cell: The Unit of Life cheat sheet
The whole chapter on one page: key formulas, facts and the points to remember, for quick revision before a test.
NEET · Botany
Cheat sheet
Class 11 · Chapter 8Cell: The Unit of Life
Cell theory: all living things are made of cells, and all cells come from pre-existing cells (Virchow).
1. Cell Theory
- Schleiden (plants) and Schwann (animals).
- Virchow: Omnis cellula e cellula.
2. Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic
| Feature | Prokaryotic | Eukaryotic |
|---|---|---|
| Nucleus | nucleoid, no membrane | membrane-bound |
| Organelles | no membrane-bound ones | present |
| Ribosomes | 70S | 80S (70S in mitochondria, plastids) |
| Example | bacteria | plants, animals, fungi |
3. Organelles
| Organelle | Function |
|---|---|
| Plasma membrane | fluid mosaic model (Singer & Nicolson); selectively permeable |
| ER | RER — protein synthesis; SER — lipids, steroids |
| Golgi | packaging, glycoproteins; forms lysosomes |
| Lysosome | hydrolytic enzymes, ‘suicide bags’ |
| Mitochondria | aerobic respiration, own DNA (‘powerhouse’) |
| Plastids | chloroplasts, chromoplasts, leucoplasts |
| Centrosome | two centrioles, 9+0 triplets; forms spindle |
4. Nucleus
- Double membrane with pores; nucleolus makes rRNA.
- Chromosomes: metacentric, sub-metacentric, acrocentric, telocentric.
5. Key Points
- Cilia/flagella: 9+2 axoneme.
- Smallest cell: Mycoplasma.
- Largest single cell: ostrich egg.
- Vacuole membrane = tonoplast.
Remember: Cell theory | prokaryote vs eukaryote | organelle functions
Cell: The Unit of Life: questions and notes
More NEET Preparation Botany cheat sheets
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- Morphology of Flowering Plants
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- Cell: The Unit of Life
- Cell Cycle and Cell Division
- Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
- Respiration in Plants
- Plant Growth and Development
- Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- Principles of Inheritance and Variation
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