Anticancer & Immunosuppressants · NEET PG Preparation Pharmacology
A patient receiving high-dose doxorubicin therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma develops signs of progressive heart failure. Which of the following mechan…
Practice question from Anticancer & Immunosuppressants (NEET PG Preparation Pharmacology), with the correct answer and a step-by-step solution.
hard · MCQ · Q-7CBE45
A patient receiving high-dose doxorubicin therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma develops signs of progressive heart failure. Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for the cardiotoxicity induced by anthracyclines?
- A.Inhibition of topoisomerase I causing single-strand DNA breaks
- B.Generation of reactive oxygen species via iron-mediated free radical formationCorrect answer
- C.Direct alkylation of guanine bases in mitochondrial DNA
- D.Depolymerization of cardiac muscle microtubules
Solution
Anthracyclines like doxorubicin cause cardiotoxicity primarily through the generation of iron-mediated reactive oxygen species (free radicals). Because myocardial cells have relatively low levels of antioxidant enzymes (such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase), they are highly susceptible to oxidative damage. Dexrazoxane acts as an iron-chelating agent to mitigate this toxicity.
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