Cheat sheet · Class 12 · CBSE · Commerce Business Studies
Planning cheat sheet
The whole chapter on one page: key formulas, facts and the points to remember, for quick revision before a test.
CBSE Class 12 · Business Studies
Cheat sheet
Chapter 4Planning
Planning bridges where we are and where we want to be.
1. Features
- goal-focused
- primary function
- pervasive
- continuous
- futuristic
- decision-making
- mental exercise
2. Process
- Set objectives → develop premises → identify alternatives → evaluate → select → implement → follow up.
3. Types of Plans
| Plan | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Objectives | end results |
| Strategy | comprehensive plan for objectives |
| Policy | general guideline for decisions |
| Procedure | steps in sequence |
| Method | way of doing a task |
| Rule | strict do / don't |
| Programme | detailed plan for a project |
| Budget | plan in numbers |
4. Key Points
- Limitations: rigidity, costly, time-consuming, no guarantee of success.
- Single-use vs standing plans.
- Planning reduces uncertainty.
- Premises are assumptions.
Remember: Features | 7-step process | types of plans
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